Refractory-Supported Heater consists of high-quality, helically-wound, iron-chrome-aluminum metallic alloy resistance heating elements fully embedded in a strong, highly stable, high-temperature refractory body. Produced on a custom basis for OEM thermal process equipment and end-users with unique requirements, Heaters routinely operate to temperatures of 1100°C with power loadings of 2 kw/ft². Some designs successfully carry 4 kw/ft² power density at an operating temperature of 1100°C These rugged heaters feature self-supporting construction and are precision-fabricated for long heater life. The metallic heating element is carefully prepared prior to being cast into the refractory to ensure uniform heat over the entire surface of the unit. The base refractory has outstanding abrasion resistance and is ideal for applications where the heating element might be subject to mechanical damage or being splashed with molten metals. The high thermal mass of the heater minimizes fast thermal changes that can be experienced with low-mass heaters. Heaters are immune to damage from electrical shorting due to contact with materials being heated.